MFD EI Fire Damper

Introduction to GSC MFD Fire Damper

The GSC MFD (Motorized Fire Damper) is a critical fire safety device installed within HVAC ventilation and air conditioning systems in buildings. Its primary function is to prevent the spread of fire and smoke through air ducts, thereby protecting human life and property in the event of a fire.

Common product name: GSC MFD Fire Damper, with typical model designation GSC.MFD-EI.

Main Functions

The GSC MFD Fire Damper is designed to automatically close upon fire detection, providing the following key functions:

• Fire and smoke containment
  Isolates the fire source and prevents flames and toxic smoke from spreading through ductwork to adjacent areas.

• Structural fire integrity protection
  Maintains the fire-resistance rating of fire-rated walls and partitions penetrated by air ducts.

• Enhanced evacuation and firefighting conditions
  Extends available safe evacuation time and facilitates effective access for firefighting teams.

Operating Principle

Unlike traditional fusible-link fire dampers (FD) that rely on thermal melting, the GSC MFD is equipped with an electric actuator and operates automatically when:

• A fire signal is received from the central fire alarm system.

• The integrated thermal sensor detects duct air temperature reaching the preset threshold (typically 72°C – 74°C).

After the fire incident is resolved, the damper can be easily reset and reopened via the control system, without component replacement.

Key Technical Features of GSC MFD Fire Damper

• Material
  Damper casing and blades are manufactured from galvanized steel or stainless steel, offering high durability and excellent heat resistance.

• Fire Resistance Rating (EI)
  Available in multiple fire resistance classes to meet project requirements, commonly ranging from EI 30 to EI 120, in compliance with QCVN 06:2021/BXD – National Technical Regulation on Fire Safety for Buildings.

• Control Mechanism
  Motorized actuator ensures fast response time, precise operation, and reliable closure during fire events.

The GSC MFD Fire Damper is a modern, reliable, and highly effective fire protection solution for residential buildings, factories, commercial centers, and industrial facilities.

Difference Between MFD and Traditional FD Fire Dampers

Selecting the appropriate fire damper is a key factor in HVAC fire protection design. While both MFD and FD dampers serve the same purpose, they differ significantly in operation, performance, and reliability.

Damper Activation Mechanism Comparison

Traditional FD dampers rely entirely on local temperature rise to melt the fusible link. In contrast, MFD dampers can close proactively upon early fire alarm signals, even before heat reaches the damper location.

Reliability During Fire Events

• FD dampers may respond slowly, especially in ducts carrying cold air or located far from the fire source.

• MFD dampers close immediately when the fire alarm system is triggered, regardless of local temperature conditions.

This significantly reduces smoke migration, limits damage, and improves evacuation effectiveness.

Advantages and Limitations

GSC MFD Fire Damper

Advantages

• Proactive and intelligent operation

• Easy inspection and testing

• Reusable after activation

• Ideal for large-scale and high-standard projects

Limitations

• Higher initial cost compared to FD

• Requires power supply and system integration

Traditional FD Damper

Advantages

• Simple structure

• Low cost

• Easy installation for small applications

Limitations

• Slower response

• Single-use only

• No integration with fire alarm systems

For high-standard buildings, MFD dampers are often mandatory under modern fire safety design requirements.

Application of MFD Dampers in HVAC Systems

With the widespread adoption of HVAC systems in modern buildings, proper fire damper selection has become increasingly critical. The GSC MFD is specifically engineered for seamless integration into HVAC systems of varying complexity.

Typical Installation Locations

MFD dampers are commonly installed at:

• Duct penetrations through fire-rated walls and partitions

• Functional zoning boundaries (e.g. basement – technical floors – commercial floors)

• Supply and exhaust fan inlets/outlets for zone isolation

Correct placement helps to:

• Enhance fire and smoke compartmentation

• Reduce horizontal and vertical fire spread

• Minimize structural heat transfer damage

Compatibility with HVAC & BMS Systems

A major advantage of the GSC MFD is its ability to integrate with HVAC control systems and Building Management Systems (BMS):

• Receives closing commands from the central control system

• Allows scheduled automatic open/close testing

• Operational status can be monitored via control panels or software

This enables predictive maintenance, real-time monitoring, and high system readiness in fire emergencies.

Enhancing Evacuation and Firefighting Efficiency

MFD dampers play a vital role in:

• Maintaining safe airflow conditions in escape routes such as corridors and stairwells

• Preventing smoke intrusion into occupied areas and equipment rooms

• Extending the Available Safe Egress Time (ASET) for occupants

In high-occupancy facilities such as hotels and hospitals, MFD dampers are strategic fire protection components that help control fire spread from the earliest stages, supporting effective evacuation and firefighting operations.

Conclusion

The GSC MFD Fire Damper represents a superior fire safety solution for modern HVAC systems, especially in projects with stringent fire protection requirements. With automatic motorized closure, EI 30–EI 120 fire ratings, and intelligent system integration, it not only protects building structures but also saves lives in emergency situations.

For projects demanding certified performance, smart operation, and long-term reliability, the GSC MFD Fire Damper is a solution that should not be overlooked.